HEALTHY INSIGHTS
Heart Attack
Overview and Key Information
What is a Heart Attack?
A heart attack, or myocardial infarction (MI), occurs when blood flow to a part of the heart is blocked, usually due to a blood clot in a coronary artery. This results in damage to the heart muscle.
Prompt treatment is critical to restore blood flow and minimize damage.
Common Symptoms
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Chest pain or discomfort: Pressure, squeezing, fullness, or pain in the center or left side of the chest lasting more than a few minutes or coming and going.
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Shortness of y ith: May occur with or without chest discomfort.
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Pain in other areas: Discomfort may radiate to the arms, back, neck, jaw, or stomach.
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Other signs:
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Cold sweat
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Nausea or vomiting
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Lightheadedness or dizziness
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Fatigue (especially in women)
Atypical Symptoms (More Common in Women, Elderly, or Diabetics)
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Mild or absent chest pain
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Unexplained fatigue
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Indigestion-like discomfort
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Dizziness or fainting
What to Do if a Heart Attack is
Suspected
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Call Emergency Services (911):
Immediate medical attention is crucial. -
Chew Aspirin (if not allergic): A single 325 mg dose may help prevent further clotting.
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Stay Calm and Rest: Avoid physical activity and sit or lie down.
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Use Nitroglycerin (if prescribed):
Follow doctor's instructions for use.
Risk Factors:
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High blood pressure
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High cholesterol
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Smoking
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Diabetes
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Obesity
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Sedentary lifestyle
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Family history of heart disease
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Stress and poor diet
Treatment
1. Emergency Interventions:
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Medications: Blood thinners, clot-dissolving drugs, or pain relief.
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Percutaneous Coronary
Intervention (PCI): Angioplasty to restore blood flow.
2. Long-term Management:
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Medications: Aspirin, beta-blockers, statins, and ACE inhibitors.
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Lifestyle changes: Healthy diet, regular exercise, quitting smoking, and stress management.
Key Takeaways
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A heart attack is a medical emergency that requires immediate action.
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Early recognition of symptoms and treatment can save lives and reduce damage to the heart.
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Prevention through lifestyle changes and managing risk factors is essential.
